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This approach is ideally suited for validation of a target gene which has already been selected for use as a biomarker or as a therapeutic drug target. However, many applications of RNA analysis, particularly those associated with target and biomarker identification, require analysis of RNA samples across multiple gene targets.</p> <p>In response to our customer's needs in this area, Asterand's PhaseZERO<sup>®</sup> team is therefore extending its Genomics product to offer microarray gene expression profiling based on Illumina's high performance BeadChip technology and offering both Direct Hybridization and DASL assays.</p> <p><b>Whole-Genome Transcript profiling by Direct Hybridization</b> <br /> The standard approach to microarray-based gene expression profiling relies on direct hybridization of gene fragments derived from a test sample to specific probes located on a substrate. This is the approach used in Illumina's Direct Hybridization Assay, whereby the assay uses 50-mer probes providing high reproducibility from only 50-200ng of high quality total RNA starting material (RIN>7-9). These attributes make Illumina's Direct Hybridization assay ideally suited for analysis of RNA extracted from a wide range of well preserved tissue samples such as those available from Asterand s XpressBANK<sup>TM</sup> and ProCure<sup>TM</sup> services.</p> <p>Benefits of Direct Hybridization: </p> <ul> <li>Direct Hybridization is the cost-effective alternative to other platforms</li> <li>Linear amplification (Eberwine protocol, 1992)</li> <li>Providing reliable relative expression measurement of different genes</li> <li>Requires only 50-200ng total RNA</li> <li>Low per-sample pricing</li> </ul> <p>Available in HumanHT-12 (>25,000 genes) and HumanRef-8 (>18,000 genes) BeadChip platforms. <a href="http://www.illumina.com/search.ilmn?ilmn_search_words=Whole-Genome+Assays+using+Direct+Hybridization" id=a1 target=_blank>Click here</a> for more information on Whole-Genome Assays using Direct Hybridization.</p> <p><b>DASL (cDNA-mediated Annealing, Selection, Extension, and Ligation)</b> <br /> While the application of standard microarray approaches like Direct Hybridization is generally straightforward for high quality RNA samples derived from fresh or frozen tissue samples, the use of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, such as those found in clinical archives, is more difficult due to the low quality of RNA generally extracted from such samples. For example, Asterand's biorepository contains several hundred thousand FFPE samples from a broad range of anatomic sites, diseases and diverse ethnic representations. Many of these samples are from patients with cancer and other diseases and are accompanied by large amounts of clinical outcome and follow-up data. If these tissues and accompanying data could be exploited for molecular profiling studies, they could provide a wealth of information on potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers relevant to disease. Illumina's DASL gene expression profiling assay, now available as a service from Asterand, is ideally suited to such uses.</p> <p>Based on Illumina's BeadArray<sup>TM</sup> technology, the DASL Assay provides a highly sensitive, specific and reproducible method for mRNA expression profiling, and is designed to work specifically with partially degraded RNA, such as that extracted from FFPE tissue and aged samples, e.g. clinical archives. The assay allows for gene expression profiling either across specific sample sets such, as potential cancer biomarkers, or across the whole transcriptome (18,000 genes) and only requires RNA samples of 200ng total RNA, depending on how degraded the sample is. </p> <table align="center" width="370px"> <tr valign="middle"> <td align="center" style="height: 258px; width: 377px;"><img alt="Illumina BeadArrayTM technology" src="../target_validation/DASL1.gif"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; font-family: arial; width: 377px;"><strong>The Illumina BeadArray<sup>TM</sup> technology</strong> <br />Sentrix<sup>TM</sup> 96 Array Matrix (upper left), and Sentrix<sup>TM</sup> 16 BeadChip Array</td> </tr> </table> <p>Asterand's Illumina-based DASL gene expression profiling services are offered in two different defined panels and a custom panel:</p> <p><b>Human Cancer Panel</b> <br /> The Human Cancer Panel targets 502 genes representing a pool of 1,506 probes (with three probes per gene). Altogether there are more than 45,000 Reference Sequences (RefSeq) assayed. The criterion for choosing the genes for the Human Cancer Panel was their frequency in 10 publicly available cancer gene lists and citations in journals publishing articles on cancer research. <a href="http://www.illumina.com/technology/dasl_assay.ilmn" target=_blank id=a3 >Click here</a> for more information on the Human Cancer DASL Assay.</p> <p><b>Human Whole-Genome Panel</b> <br /> The Human Whole-Genome DASL Assay is a combination of the DASL Assay and the whole genome probe set of Illumina's HumanRef-8 BeadChip., This platform has very high sensitivity and a high multiplex capability enabling it to analyze more than 18,0000 genes (> 24,000 probes with 30-fold redundancy). <a href="http://www.illumina.com/documents/products/datasheets/datasheet_humanht_12.pdf" target=_blank id=a4 >Click here</a> for more information on the Whole Genome DASL Assay. <p><b>Custom DASL Panel</b> <br /> Custom DASL Assay Panels (DAPs) are designed in collaboration with Illumina scientists and begin with the customer's submission of candidate gene transcripts, or regions using RefSeq ID, HUGO gene name, or sequence. Custom panels may be developed for profiled fresh tissue RNAs, to identify potential biomarkers by querying FFPE samples, and for profiling how markers are associated with clinical outcomes. Custom panels can target 512 to 1,536 candidate genes, with one or three probes per gene respectively, and a choice from over 46,000 RefSeq gene targets that can be assayed. Please contact <a href="mailto:customerservice@asterand.com?subject=INQUIRY - Gene Expression Profiling Services" id=a7 >customerservice@asterand.com</a> for more information.</p> <p>Benefits of DASL : </p> <ul> <li>DASL is the unparalleled platform providing the ability to multiplex Whole-Genome profiling, Cancer panel, or focused Custom panels</li> <li>Designed to work specifically with partially-degraded RNA extracted from FFPE samples, e.g. clinical archives and aged fresh frozen samples</li> <li>Exponential amplification with preservation of relative abundance of cDNAs</li> <li>Exploit otherwise disregarded FFPE samples which are accompanied by large amounts of clinical outcome and follow-up data</li> <li>Requires only 200ng of total RNA</li> </ul> <p>Asterand has been providing high quality gene expression services to our customers for over 10 years. Our extensive human tissue biorepository allows us access to a wide range of normal and diseased tissues, frozen or fixed, of which all are accompanied with more than 100 clinical data points.</p> <p>For further information, contact us at <a href="mailto:customerservice@asterand.com?subject=INQUIRY - Gene Expression Profiling Services" id=a6 >customerservice@asterand.com</a>.</p> </tr> </table> <br /> <table align="center" width="1000" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr valign="middle"> <td style="font-size: 8pt; color: gray; font-family: Tahoma; width: 900px;" align="left"> <font style="font-size: 10px; color: gray; font-family: Tahoma;">© 2009 Asterand plc. 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